The ubiquity of the “two rules of speciation”—Haldane's rule and the large X‐effect—implies
a general, special role for sex chromosomes in the evolution of intrinsic postzygotic …

As reflected by the two rules of speciation (Haldane's rule and the large X-/Z-effect), sex
chromosomes are expected to behave like supergenes of speciation: they recombine only in …

The relative evolutionary roles of adaptive and non-adaptive processes remain a central
question in population genetics. Resolution of this debate has been difficult as an …

Diatoms are abundant unicellular microalgae, responsible for≈ 20% of global
photosynthetic CO2 fixation. Nevertheless, we know little about fundamental aspects of their …

Dominance refers to the effect of a heterozygous genotype relative to that of the two
homozygous genotypes. The degree of dominance of mutations for fitness can have a …

Understanding the dynamics of species adaptation to their environments has long been a
central focus of the study of evolution. Theories of adaptation propose that populations …

Being able to assign sex to individuals and identify autosomal and sex‐linked scaffolds are
essential in most population genomic analyses. Non‐model organisms often have genome …

Sex chromosomes are peculiar. In contrast to their autosomal counterparts, sex
chromosomes are inherited differently in females and males, can harbor distinct sets of …

The cohabitation of Drosophila melanogaster with humans is nearly ubiquitous. Though it
has been well established that this fly species originated in sub-Saharan Africa, and only …

The X-chromosome is among the largest human chromosomes. It differs from autosomes by
a number of important features including hemizygosity in males, an almost complete …