The fields of theoretical and computational chemistry have come a long way since their
inception in the mid-20th century. Fifty years ago, only rudimentary approximations for very …

Two are better than one: Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods are
the state‐of‐the‐art computational technique for treating reactive and other “electronic” …

Predicting protein–ligand binding affinities and the associated thermodynamics of
biomolecular recognition is a primary objective of structure-based drug design. Alchemical …

Solvents are crucial components in specialty chemical and pharmaceutical industries and in
electrochemical and photoelectrochemical processes, and are increasingly being used in …

▪ Abstract Computer modeling has been developed and widely applied in studying
molecules of biological interest. The force field is the cornerstone of computer simulations …

The environment plays a key role in the determination of the properties and reactivity of
substances in condensed phases. The complexity of chemical phenomena in solution has …

Thirty years after the seminal contribution by Warshel and Levitt, we review the state of the
art of combined quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics (QM/MM) methods, with a focus …

Combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods provide an
accurate and efficient energetic description of complex chemical and biological systems …

A new practical approach to studying enzyme reactions by combining ab initio QM/MM
calculations with free energy perturbation is presented. An efficient iterative optimization …

▪ Abstract Understanding the action of enzymes on an atomistic level is one of the important
aims of modern biophysics. This review describes the state of the art in addressing this …