Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common breathing disorder in sleep in
which the airways narrow or collapse during sleep, causing obstructive sleep apnea. The …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as ischaemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy,
atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke and heart failure, are among the leading causes of …

Apoptosis is a form of cell death by which the body maintains the homeostasis of the internal
environment. Apoptosis is an initiative cell death process that is controlled by genes and is …

Cancer cells encounter numerous stresses that pose a threat to their survival. Tumor
microenviroment stresses that perturb protein homeostasis can produce endoplasmic …

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) based on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been widely
studied as the fundamentals of cancer immunotherapy. However, the currently available ICD …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐induced oxidative stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
is generally believed to be an important prerequisite for immunogenic cell death (ICD) which …

Background Application of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXO) has
emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy for myocardial infarction (MI). Our previous study …

Abstract Tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (AO168= O), a novel organophosphate
ester, is prevalent and abundant in the environment, posing great exposure risks to …

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a localized or diffuse dilatation of the thoracic aortas, and
causes many sudden deaths each year worldwide. However, there is no effective …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) hosts linear polypeptides and fosters natural folding of
proteins through ER-residing chaperones and enzymes. Failure of the ER to align and …