Since the late 1960s it became clear that a more sustainable protection of people and
property from the negative impacts of natural hazards will require a more balanced use of …

Snow avalanche hazard map** has a long tradition in the European Alps. Hazard maps
delineate areas of potential avalanche danger and are only available for selected areas …

Alpine regions are affected by various natural hazards. Due to the high density of
settlements in these areas, these natural hazards constitute a risk element for the local …

In this study, snow avalanche susceptibility maps of Uzungöl Basin, which is a special
environmental protected zone located in Eastern Black Sea Basin of Turkeywere conducted …

Large-scale bark beetle outbreaks in spruce dominated mountain forests have increased in
recent decades, and this trend is expected to continue in the future. These outbreaks have …

Mountain regions provide essential ecosystem goods and services (EGS) for both mountain
dwellers and people living outside these areas. Global change endangers the capacity of …

Surface roughness influences the release of avalanches and the dynamics of rockfall,
avalanches and debris flow, but is often not objectively implemented in natural hazard …

Forests cover 39% of low-altitude mountainous areas globally, and they are considered
natural barriers against geophysical flows. Owing to the complexity of flows, the protective …

In this chapter, we give a short overview of the protective effects of forests against snow
avalanches, landslides and rockfall hazards in mountain areas. The overview is based on …

Natural conditions that explain the triggering of snow avalanches are becoming better-
known, but our understanding of how socio-environmental changes can influence the …