Plant vascular tissues are crucial for the long-distance transport of water, nutrients, and a
multitude of signal molecules throughout the plant body and, therefore, central to plant …

Over centuries of plant morphological research, biologists have enthusiastically explored
how distinct vascular arrangements have diversified. These investigations have focused on …

Cohesion-tension transport of water is an energetically efficient way to carry large amounts
of water from the roots up to the leaves. However, the cohesion-tension mechanism places …

There have been at least ten English-language textbooks of palaeobotany since DH Scott
published the first edition of Studies inFossilBotany in 1900. Most have been written by …

Principles of phylogenetic analysis (cladistics) are introduced with an examination of
relationships among extant genera of Gnetales. The Gnetales can be supported as a …

抄録< jats: p> Phyllotaxis, the study of the patterns exhibited by leaves and other organs of
plants, raises some of the deepest questions of plant morphogenesis. What principles of …

We present a numerical cladistic (parsimony) analysis of seed plants plus progymnosperms,
using characters from all parts of the plant body, outgroup comparison, and a method of …

This paper introduces an integrated system of morphological concepts for gymnosperm
fructifications, which does not lean upon any system existing for other higher plants …

The Araceae are exceptionally diverse by nearly all phenetic criteria. The two most widely
accepted infrafamilial classification systems, those of Engler and Hutchinson, emphasize …

Seed plant phylogeny is evaluated using a data set of 46 terminals (taxa) and 103
morphological and anatomical characters. Cladistic analyses using the criterion of …