Climatic variability has been acquiring an extensive consideration due to its widespread
ability to impact food production and livelihoods. Climate change has the potential to …

This study provides a comprehensive and quantitative estimate of how global temperatures
have changed during the last 540 million years. It combines paleotemperature …

Many aspects of deep-time Earth System models, including mantle convection,
paleoclimatology, paleobiogeography and the deep Earth carbon cycle, require high …

Abstract Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) can have a significant global climatic effect as
monitored by sedimentary trace and isotopic compositions that record paleo …

Across the entire mantle we interpret 94 positive seismic wave-speed anomalies as
subducted lithosphere and associate these slabs with their geological record. We document …

On multimillion-year time scales, Earth has experienced warm ice-free and cold glacial
climates, but it is unknown whether transitions between these background climate states …

A compilation of foraminiferal stable isotope measurements from southern high latitude
(SHL) deep-sea sites provides a novel perspective important for understanding Earth's …

Abstract The 'COPSE'(Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulphur and Evolution)
biogeochemical model predicts the coupled histories and controls on atmospheric O 2, CO 2 …

Variations in continental volcanic arc emissions have the potential to control atmospheric
carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and climate change on multimillion-year time scales. Here we …

Global mean sea level is a key component within the fields of climate and oceanographic
modelling in the Anthropocene. Hence, an improved understanding of eustatic sea level in …