Increased glucose metabolism and uptake are characteristic of many tumors and used
clinically to diagnose and monitor cancer progression. In addition to cancer cells, the tumor …

Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism primarily involves the kynurenine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and
indole pathways. A variety of bioactive compounds produced via Trp metabolism can …

We conducted the Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology to investigate the replicability of
preclinical research in cancer biology. The initial aim of the project was to repeat 193 …

According to the widely accepted" three Es" model, the host immune system eliminates
malignant cell precursors and contains microscopic neoplasms in a dynamic equilibrium …

Strategies for unlocking immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment have been
investigated to overcome resistance to first-generation immune checkpoint blockade with …

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid from dietary proteins. It can be metabolized into
different metabolites in both the gut microbiota and tissue cells. Tryptophan metabolites such …

The gut microbiota, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses and phages, inhabits the
gastrointestinal tract. This commensal microbiota can contribute to the regulation of host …

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activation by tryptophan (Trp) catabolites enhances tumor
malignancy and suppresses anti-tumor immunity. The context specificity of AHR target …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease affecting the
gastrointestinal tract. IBD consists of 2 subtypes: ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease. IBD is …

Dendritic cells (DCs) have a role in the development and activation of self-reactive
pathogenic T cells,. Genetic variants that are associated with the function of DCs have been …