One obvious feature of the solar cycle is its variation from one cycle to another. In this article,
we review the dynamo models for the long-term variations of the solar cycle. By long-term …

The dynamic activity of the Sun—sustained by a magnetohydrodynamic dynamo mechanism
working in its interior—modulates the electromagnetic, particulate, and radiative …

The Sun's activity cycle governs the radiation, particle and magnetic flux in the heliosphere
creating hazardous space weather. Decadal-scale variations define space climate and force …

The Sun's magnetic field is the engine and energy source driving all phenomena collectively
defining solar activity, which in turn structures the whole heliosphere and significantly …

Presented here is a review of present knowledge of the long-term behavior of solar activity
on a multi-millennial timescale, as reconstructed using the indirect proxy method. The …

The dynamic activity of stars such as the Sun influences (exo) planetary space environments
through modulation of stellar radiation, plasma wind, particle and magnetic fluxes. Energetic …

This paper reviews recent advances and current debates in modeling the solar cycle as a
hydromagnetic dynamo process. Emphasis is placed on (relatively) simple dynamo models …

The most widely accepted model of the solar cycle is the flux transport dynamo model. This
model evolved out of the traditional α Ω dynamo model which was first developed at a time …

The solar cycle and its associated magnetic activity are the main drivers behind changes in
the interplanetary environment and Earth's upper atmosphere (commonly referred to as …

Accurate forecasts of thermosphere densities, realistic calculation of aerodynamic drag, and
propagation of the uncertainty on the predicted orbit positions are required for conjunction …