Discovery of the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts by instruments flown on Explorer 1 in 1958
was the first major discovery of the Space Age. The observation of distinct inner and outer …

The past decade transformed our observational understanding of energetic particle
processes in near‐Earth space. An unprecedented suite of observational systems was in …

The flux of energetic electrons in the Earth's outer radiation belt can vary by several orders of
magnitude over time scales less than a day, in response to changes in properties of the …

The Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG) project explores the
acceleration, transport, and loss of relativistic electrons in the radiation belts and the …

This paper focuses on the modeling of local acceleration and loss processes in the outer
radiation belt. We begin by reviewing the statistical properties of waves that violate the first …

In this paper we review recent spacecraft observations of oblique whistler-mode waves in
the Earth's inner magnetosphere as well as the various consequences of the presence of …

The Earth's diffuse auroral precipitation provides the major source of energy input into the
nightside upper atmosphere and acts as an essential linkage of the magnetosphere …

A systems science examination of the Earth's fully interconnected dynamic magnetosphere
is presented. Here the magnetospheric system (aka the magnetosphere–ionosphere …

The physical processes affecting the dynamics of the Earth's particle radiation environment
are reviewed along with scientific and engineering models developed for its description. The …

Relativistic electron losses in Earth's radiation belts are usually attributed to electron
resonant scattering by electromagnetic waves. One of the most important wave modes for …