Bioactive or nutraceutical ingredients have been widely used in pursuit of health and well-
being. However, the environmental instability, poor solubility and bioavailability, and …

Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) are self-assembling, adaptable delivery systems for vaccines and
other therapeutic agents used in a variety of biomedical applications. The potential of …

Controlled assembly of a protein shell around a viral genome is a key step in the life cycle of
many viruses. Here we report a strategy for regulating the co-assembly of nonviral proteins …

Biofuel cells (BFCs) convert biochemical energy into electrical energy by virtue of the
biocatalyst component. They incorporate bio-catalysts composed of microorganisms and …

Molecular communication across physical barriers requires pores to connect the
environments on either side and discriminate between the diffusants. Here we use porous …

Crystalline materials are increasingly being used as platforms for encapsulating proteins to
create stable, functional materials. However, the uptake efficiencies and stimuli …

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) provide advantages as supporting materials for the
immobilization of enzymes due to their unique properties such as porous structure, high …

Ferritin, a distinctive iron-storage protein, possesses a unique cage-like nanoscale structure
that enables it to encapsulate and deliver a wide range of biomolecules. Recent advances …

Over the past two decades, the utilization of protein cages has witnessed exponential growth
driven by their extensive applications in biotechnology and therapeutics. In the context of the …

The Salmonella enterica bacteriophage P22 is one of the most promising models for the
development of virus-like particle (VLP) nanocages. It possesses an icosahedral T= 7 …