Genome-scale data and the development of novel statistical phylogenetic approaches have
greatly aided the reconstruction of a broad sketch of the tree of life and resolved many of its …

The Archaea occupy a key position in the Tree of Life, and are a major fraction of microbial
diversity. Abundant in soils, ocean sediments and the water column, they have crucial roles …

The timing of early cellular evolution, from the divergence of Archaea and Bacteria to the
origin of eukaryotes, is poorly constrained. The ATP synthase complex is thought to have …

Programs for Bayesian inference of phylogeny currently implement a unique and fixed suite
of models. Consequently, users of these software packages are simultaneously forced to …

INTRODUCTION Bacteria are the most diverse and abundant cellular organisms on Earth,
and in recent years environmental genomics has revealed the existence of an enormous …

Whether mammal–microbiome interactions are persistent and specific over evolutionary
time is controversial. Here we show that host phylogeny and major dietary shifts have …

Genome sequencing enhances our understanding of the biological world by providing
blueprints for the evolutionary and functional diversity that shapes the biosphere. However …

Superoxide, O2•−, is formed in all living organisms that come in contact with air, and,
depending upon its biological context, it may act as a signaling agent, a toxic species, or a …

Phylogenetic inference from genome-wide data (phylogenomics) has revolutionized the
study of evolution because it enables accounting for discordance among evolutionary …

Like all organisms on the planet, environmental microbes are subject to the forces of
molecular evolution. Metagenomic sequencing provides a means to access the DNA …