Spasticity and weakness (spastic paresis) are the primary motor impairments after stroke
and impose significant challenges for treatment and patient care. Spasticity emerges and …

The relationship of poststroke spasticity and motor recovery can be confusing.“True” motor
recovery refers to return of motor behaviors to prestroke state with the same end-effectors …

Walking dysfunction occurs at a very high prevalence in stroke survivors. Human walking is
a phenomenon often taken for granted, but it is mediated by complicated neural control …

We reviewed neural control and biomechanical description of gait in both non-disabled and
post-stroke subjects. In addition, we reviewed most of the gait rehabilitation strategies …

Background: Spasticity is a common sequela of stroke. The incidence of poststroke spasticity
(PSS) has not been systematically reviewed in recent years, and some risk factors remain …

Cortical and subcortical plastic reorganization occurs in the course of motor recovery after
stroke. It is largely accepted that plasticity of ipsilesional motor cortex primarily contributes to …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-induced silent periods provide an in vivo measure
of human motor cortical inhibitory function. Cortical silent periods (cSP, also sometimes …

Botulinum toxin type-A (BoNT-A) has emerged as a key therapeutic agent for the
management of spasticity. This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric and visual …

The present paper aims at providing an objective narrative review of the existing non-
pharmacological treatments for spasticity. Whereas pharmacologic and conventional …

Advances in medical diagnosis and treatment have facilitated the emergence of precision
medicine. In contrast, locomotor rehabilitation for individuals with acquired neuromotor …