Complexity of wastewater is the most challenging phenomenon on successful degradation
of pollutant via any wastewater treatment regime. Upon availability of numerous techniques …

Adsorption is the most widely adopted, effective, and reliable treatment process for the
removal of inorganic and organic contaminants from wastewater. One of the major issues …

Emerging contaminants (ECs) have been a threat to the aqueous environment because of
their persistent nature and ability to adversely affect the living organisms exposed to them for …

The hospital wastewater imposes a potent threat to the security of human health concerning
its high vulnerability towards the outbreak of several diseases. Furthermore, the outbreak of …

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are one of the most promising and sustainable alternatives for
wastewater treatment that are being successfully implemented in several countries …

The ubiquitous presence of emerging contaminants (ECs), such as pharmaceutically active
compounds, personal care products, pesticides, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, etc., in the …

Petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, sulphides,
ammonia, oils, suspended and dissolved solids, and heavy metals. As these pollutants are …

The oil refining industry, which was established in the mid-19th century, has become a
foundation of modern society. While the refining of crude oil to produce transportation fuels …

Biochar has been widely studied as an adsorbent for the removal of contaminants from
wastewater due to its unique characteristics, such as having a large surface area, well …

The rapid increase in saline wastewater discharge has severely affected the aquatic
environment. Furthermore, the presence of salinity in the wastewater severely limits the …