The unique anatomical and physiological connections between the nasal cavity and brain
provide a pathway for bypassing the blood–brain barrier to allow for direct brain-targeted …

Background: Non-invasive and patient-friendly nose-to-brain pathway is the best-suited
route for brain delivery of therapeutics as it bypasses the blood–brain barrier. The intranasal …

Oral Topiramate therapy is associated with systemic adverse effects including paresthesia,
abdominal pain, and fluctuations in plasma levels. The purpose of this research was to …

Migraine has a high prevalence worldwide and is one of the main disabling neurological
diseases in individuals under the age of 50. In general, treatment includes the use of oral …

A promising trend in tissue engineering is using biomaterials to improve the control of drug
concentration in targeted tissue. These vehicular systems are of specific interest when the …

Pulmonary, nasal, and nose-to-brain diseases involve clinical approaches, such as
bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, oxygen therapy, antibiotics, antihistamines, nasal steroids …

This study aimed to design a rizatriptan (RIZ) transdermal patch by combining of high-
polarity hydroxyl pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) AAOH-45 with an ion-pair strategy and …

Some patients with epilepsy continue to have seizures despite daily treatment with
antiseizure medications. This includes seizure clusters (also known as acute repetitive …

Objective (s): Migraine, a serious neurological disease that affects millions of people
worldwide, is one of the most considerable burdens on the healthcare system and has …

Microspheres used as a versatile and efficient drug delivery system. These spherical,
biodegradable particles, made from synthetic or natural polymers, range in size from 1 to …