Our ancestors acquired morphological, cognitive and metabolic modifications that enabled
humans to colonize diverse habitats, develop extraordinary technologies and reshape the …

Subdivisions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) evolved at different times. Agranular parts of the
PFC emerged in early mammals, and rodents, primates, and other modern mammals share …

Abstract Changes in gene expression are thought to underlie many of the phenotypic
differences between species. However, large-scale analyses of gene expression evolution …

A substantial amount of phenotypic diversity results from changes in gene expression levels
and patterns. Understanding how the transcriptome evolves is therefore a key priority in …

To help advance the species definition for prokaryotes, we have compared the gene content
of 70 closely related and fully sequenced bacterial genomes to identify whether species …

Understanding the evolution of language requires evidence regarding origins and
processes that led to change. In the last 40 years, there has been an explosion of research …

The hypothesis that differences in gene regulation have an important role in speciation and
adaptation is more than 40 years old. With the advent of new sequencing technologies, we …

Why should one believe that evolutionary aspects could bring new insights into linguistics,
semiotics, and cognitive science? Saussure dismissed historical, and with them …

Enhanced cognitive function in humans is hypothesized to result from cortical expansion
and increased cellular diversity. However, the mechanisms that drive these phenotypic …

For decades, evolutionary biologists have argued that changes in cis-regulatory sequences
constitute an important part of the genetic basis for adaptation. Although originally based on …