Bivalve molluscs stand out for their ecological success and their key role in the functioning of
aquatic ecosystems, while also constituting a very valuable commercial resource. Both …

Many species of bivalve mollusks (phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia) are important in
fisheries and aquaculture, whilst others are critical to ecosystem structure and function …

The morphology, tinctorial properties, ultrastructure and some functions of bivalve
haemocytes are reviewed in relation to the simple division of these cells into granular and …

Bivalves are comprised of animals unclosed in two shell valves, such as mussels, oysters,
scallops and clams. There are about 7,500 bivalve species and some of them are of …

Hemocytes are the immune effectors in clams, directing cellular but also humoral defences.
In the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) and the carpet shell clam (Ruditapes …

Much of the current knowledge concerning bivalve immunology and immunotoxicology has
come from studies on the mussel genus, Mytilus, or from the American oyster, Crassostrea …

The impact of diets upon the fatty acid composition of haemocyte polar lipids and
consequently upon immune parameters has been tested in the oyster Crassostrea gigas …

The ubiquitous presence of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in ocean environments threatens
marine organisms. However, its effects on immunity of marine invertebrates at …

We measured non-specific immune function of various bivalves from marine (Cyrtodaria
siliqua, Mactromeris polynyma, Mesosdesma arctatum, Mya arenaria, Mya truncata, Mytilus …

In this study, three major hemocyte types were identified in the Sydney rock oyster. They
were characterized primarily by light and electron microscopy based on the presence or …