This systematic review of 58 observational studies identified hypothetical causal
mechanisms explaining the effects of short and long intervals between pregnancies on …

Family planning is hailed as one of the great public health achievements of the last century,
and worldwide acceptance has risen to three-fifths of exposed couples. In many countries …

The objective of the study was to explore the association between birth spacing and risk of
adverse maternal outcomes. The study was a systematic review of observational studies that …

Short inter‐pregnancy intervals (IPIs) have been associated with adverse maternal and
infant health outcomes in the literature. However, many studies in this area have been …

Objective To estimate the effects on pregnancy outcomes of the duration of the preceding
interpregnancy interval (IPI) and type of pregnancy outcome that began the interval. Design …

Women's ill-health and its consequences are poorly defined. Despite women living longer
than men, their lives are not necessarily healthy, according to the 2009 Women and Health …

Obstetricians are often presented with questions regarding the optimal interpregnancy
interval (IPI). Short IPI has been associated with adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes …

Using high-quality longitudinal data on 125,720 singleton live births in Matlab, Bangladesh,
we assessed the effects of duration of intervals between pregnancy outcomes on infant and …

Introduction. Evidence suggests that both short and long birth intervals are associated with
poor maternal and child health outcomes. However, current studies suggest that a number of …

Anaemia in pregnancy is a major health problem and an important cause of adverse
foetomaternal outcomes in develo** countries. Iron deficiency is the cause of the …