Evolution is the hallmark of life. Descriptions of the evolution of microorganisms have
provided a wealth of information, but knowledge regarding “what happened” has precluded …

Flexibility in the exchange of genetic material takes place between different organisms of the
same or different species. This phenomenon is known to play a key role in the genetic …

Antibiotics have been overused and misused for preventive and therapeutic purposes.
Specifically, antibiotics are frequently used as growth promoters for improving productivity …

Multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a serious health threat, especially in hospitals. Horizontal
gene transfer (HGT) of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) facilitates the spread of antibiotic …

The natural aquatic environment is a significant contributor to the development and
circulation of clinically significant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The potential for the …

With plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance thriving and threatening to become a serious
public health problem, it is paramount to increase our understanding of the forces that …

In this paper, an analytical scheme [the generalized Sinh–Gordon equation method) with a
new fractional operator (ABR fractional operator] is employed to find novel computational …

Plasmids, extrachromosomal DNA molecules commonly found in bacterial and archaeal
cells, play an important role in bacterial genetics and evolution. Our understanding of …

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a significant challenge to
public health, posing a considerable threat to effective disease management on a global …

In recent decades, antibiotic resistance (AR) has become a public health concern fuelled by
increasing antibiotic consumption in many societies. Aquatic environments play a crucial …