The synthesis of renewable fuels from abundant water or the greenhouse gas CO2 is a
major step toward creating sustainable and scalable energy storage technologies. In the last …

Semi-artificial photosynthetic systems aim to overcome the limitations of natural and artificial
photosynthesis while providing an opportunity to investigate their respective functionality …

This review presents a comprehensive summary of the recent development in semi-artificial
photosynthesis, a biological-material hybrid approach to solar-to-chemical conversion that …

Biocatalytic transformation has received increasing attention in the green synthesis of
chemicals because of the diversity of enzymes, their high catalytic activities and specificities …

The concept of an all‐integrated design with multifunctionalization is widely employed in
optoelectronic devices, sensors, resonator systems, and microfluidic devices, resulting in …

Natural photosynthesis stores sunlight in chemical energy carriers, but it has not evolved for
the efficient synthesis of fuels, such as H2. Semi-artificial photosynthesis combines the …

Oxygenic photosynthesis is the primary solar energy-conversion process that supports much
of life on Earth. It is initiated by photosystem II (PSII), an enzyme that extracts electrons from …

Highlights•The three major electron transfer routes are reviewed: 1st, 2nd (mediated
electron transfer) and 3rd generation biosensors (direct electron transfer).•Enzymatic …

Electroactive microorganisms possess the unique ability to transfer electrons to or from solid
phase electron conductors, eg, electrodes or minerals, through various physiological …

Photosynthetic organisms have evolved versatile electron transport chains that efficiently
convert solar energy into chemical energy. Researchers can engineer these electron …