Mitochondria play key roles in bioenergetics, metabolism, and signaling; therefore, stable
mitochondrial function is essential for cell survival, particularly in energy-intensive neuronal …

Abstract microRNAs (miRNAs) are suggested to play substantial roles in regulating the
development and various physiologic functions of the central nervous system (CNS). These …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease
worldwide, and scientific studies consistently report that NAFLD development can be …

Ubiquitination is a highly conserved and fundamental posttranslational modification (PTM) in
all eukaryotes regulating thousands of proteins. The RING (really interesting new gene) …

Eukaryotic cells adequately control the mass and functions of organelles in various
situations. Autophagy, an intracellular degradation system, largely contributes to this …

Aging is accompanied by many changes in brain and contributes to progressive cognitive
decline. In contrast to pathological changes in brain, normal aging brain changes have …

Mitochondria in the cell are the center for energy production, essential biomolecule
synthesis, and cell fate determination. Moreover, the mitochondrial functional versatility …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an aging-related disease and the second most common
neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. The main symptoms of PD are …

Ferroptosis is an iron-driven cell death modality characterized by iron accumulation and
excessive lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is closely related to mitochondrial function, as …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a gradually worsening neurodegenerative disorder affecting the
nervous system, marked by a slow progression and varied symptoms. It is the second most …