Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are key growth-promoting peptides that act as both
endocrine hormones and autocrine/paracrine growth factors. In the bloodstream and in local …

Background and aims Due to common pathophysiological findings of Alzheimer's disease
(AD) with diabetes mellitus (DM), insulin has been suggested as a possible treatment of AD …

Microglial cells of the aged brain manifest signs of dysfunction that could contribute to the
worse neurological outcome of stroke in the elderly. Treatment with colony‐stimulating factor …

The activation of tyrosine kinase receptor c-Met by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) showed
an anti-apoptotic effect in numerous disease models. This study aimed to investigate the …

In the brain, insulin acts as a growth factor, regulates energy homeostasis, and is involved in
learning and memory acquisition. Many central nervous system (CNS) diseases are …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global concern and has become a major public health event
affecting human health. Insulin is a metabolic hormone secreted mainly by the peripheral …

Background To investigate the relationship between triglyceride glucose-body mass index
(TyG-BMI) and ischemic stroke. Methods Leveraging two Chinese general population …

Abstract Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) and its signaling pathway play a primary role in
normal growth and ageing, however serum IGF-1 is known to reduce with advancing age …

Cell transplantation therapy provides a regenerative strategy for neural repair. We tested the
hypothesis that selective excitation of transplanted induced pluripotent stem cell-derived …

The current work reviews the concept, pathological mechanism, and process of diagnosing
of DAI. The pathological mechanism underlying DAI is complicated, including axonal …