Access to a wide range of plastic materials has been rationalized by the increased demand
from growing populations and the development of high-throughput production systems …

The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of gram-positive bacteria capable of converting
carbohydrate substrates into organic acids and producing a wide range of metabolites …

The concept of biorefinery depends on the recuperation of higher-value chemicals with
potential for a wide dissemination and an untapped marketability. To construct a clearer …

In polymer science and industry, the important role of thermosetting resin is well-recognized.
However, most thermosets suffer from the overdependence on petroleum resource and in …

The replacement of fossil resources that currently provide more than 90% of our energy
needs and feedstocks of the chemical industry in combination with reduced emission of …

Despite a steady decline in fossil resources in past few decades, demand for petroleum-
based chemicals and polymers has increased sharply. As the dead end of the petroleum …

The environmental impacts and high long-term costs of poor waste disposal have pushed
the industry to realize the potential of turning this problem into an economic and sustainable …

Lignocellulose biorefinery encompasses process engineering and biotechnology tools for
the processing of lignocellulosic biomass for the manufacturing of bio-based products (such …

Succinate is a circulating metabolite, and the relationship between abnormal changes in the
physiological concentration of succinate and inflammatory diseases caused by the …

Succinic acid (SA) is an important C4-dicarboxylic acid. Microbial production of SA at low pH
results in low purification costs and hence good overall process economics. However, redox …