The study of soft power in international relations suffers from a liberal democratic bias.
Throughout the literature, liberal concepts and values are assumed to be universal in their …

Moscow came late to the soft power game, but made it an integral feature of the drive to
restore Russia's great power status. Russia has a proud cultural legacy and has invested …

The role of geopolitics in European Union (EU) foreign policy has been the focus of much
media, political, and scholarly commentary. This literature has interrogated the topic from a …

Untitled Page 1 Page 2 ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY Providing
a comprehensive overview of Russia’s foreign policy directions, this handbook brings together …

The description of the Ukraine crisis as an 'information war'in recently published studies
seems to suggest a belief that the Russian government's propaganda in the crisis …

It is widely recognized that the Russian government has been involved in international
propaganda to influence foreign publics as part of its “active measures” against the West, but …

While the international environment remains characterized by the desire of states to
strengthen their position, the literature has revealed a growing preference for soft power …

Established in 2014, SputnikTR (a localized version of Sputnik News) is the most popular
pro-Russian media outlet active in Turkey. The news content published by SputnikTR's …

This article contributes to foreign policy analysis by applying role theory to the study of soft
power, evaluating the relationship between a state's chosen international role (s) and …

The chapter provides an overview and explanation of Russia's foreign policy in Central Asia
focusing on security cooperation, energy cooperation, trade and economic relations, and …