All forms of energy follow the law of conservation of energy, by which they can be neither
created nor destroyed. Light-to-heat conversion as a traditional yet constantly evolving …

Due to the intrinsic non-invasive nature, cost-effectiveness, high safety, and real-time
capabilities, besides diagnostic imaging, ultrasound as a typical mechanical wave has been …

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), a novel cancer therapeutic strategy defined as the treatment
using Fenton or Fenton‐like reaction to produce• OH in the tumor region, was first proposed …

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been widely applied in cancer therapy as a result of its non-
invasive, localized treatment and good therapeutic effect. In general, the final therapeutic …

Phototherapy, includes photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), which
combine light with an adequate wavelength and a chemical phototheranostic agent in the …

Second near-infrared photothermal therapy (NIR-II PTT, 1000–1500 nm) has recently
emerged as a new phototherapeutic modality with the advantages of deeper penetration …

Optical imaging, especially fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging, is a non‐invasive
imaging approach with high spatial and temporal resolution and high sensitivity, compared …

Fluorescence imaging has become a fundamental tool for biomedical applications;
nevertheless, its intravital imaging capacity in the conventional wavelength range (400–950 …

Phototheranostics represents a promising direction for modern precision medicine, which
has recently attracted great research interest from multidisciplinary research areas. Organic …

Optical techniques using developed laser and optical devices have made a profound impact
on modern medicine, with “biomedical optics” becoming an emerging field. Sophisticated …