Substrate selection is one of the key technical issues for constructed wetlands (CWs), which
works for wastewater treatment based mainly on the biofilm principle. In recent years, many …

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been used as a green technology to treat various
wastewaters for several decades. CWs offer a land-intensive, low-energy, and less …

With the unique advantages of lower operational and maintenance cost, the applications of
subsurface flow constructed wetlands for the treatment of wastewater have been increasing …

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are affordable and reliable green technologies for the
treatment of various types of wastewater. Compared to conventional treatment systems, CWs …

Microorganisms play a vital role in degradation of multiple pollutants in constructed wetlands
(CWs). Thus, the search for methods to improve microbial degradation in CWs is crucial …

Light expanded clay aggregates (LECA) have been increasingly used as substrate material
for constructed wetlands given their phosphate removal capacity, mechanical strength …

A rapid and inexpensive method, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), can be
used to identify impurities and determine the functional groups responsible for the sorption …

A laboratory-scale moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) with a volume of 4L was used to study
the biodegradation of coal gasification wastewater. Maximum removal efficiencies of 81 …

Constructed wetlands (CW) with vertical flow were used to treat leachate from municipal
landfills (active and closed, at different concentrations) using a combination of substrates, ie …

Featured Application Inoculation strategies for microalgae and bacteria consortium for the
treatment of paper pulp industry effluents with an increase in biomass sedimentation and …