Fluorescence-guided surgery using tumour-targeted imaging agents has emerged over the
past decade as a promising and effective method of intraoperative cancer detection. An …

Unique, functional, homodimeric heavy chain–only antibodies, devoid of light chains, are
circulating in the blood of Camelidae. These antibodies recognize their cognate antigen via …

A nanobody (Nb) is a registered trademark of Ablynx, referring to the single antigen‐binding
domain of heavy chain‐only antibodies (HCAbs) that are circulating in Camelidae. Nbs are …

Heptamethine indocyanines are invaluable probes for near-infrared (NIR) imaging. Despite
broad use, there are only a few synthetic methods to assemble these molecules, and each …

Nanobodies are the recombinant variable domains of heavy-chain-only antibodies, with
many unique properties such as small size, excellent solubility, superior stability, quick …

Cancer radio-immunotherapy, integrating external/internal radiation therapy with immuno-
oncology treatments, emerges in the current management of cancer. A growing number of …

Variable domains of heavy chain-only antibodies (VHH), also known as nanobodies (Nbs),
are monomeric antigen-binding domains derived from the camelid heavy chain-only …

Since the discovery of camelid heavy-chain antibodies in 1993, there has been tremendous
excitement for these antibody domains (VHHs/sdAbs/nanobodies) as research tools …

Scorpion venom may cause severe medical complications and untimely death if injected into
the human body. Neurotoxins are the main components of scorpion venom that are known to …

131I-GMIB-anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-VHH1 is a targeted
radionuclide theranostic agent directed at HER2-expressing cancers. VHH1 is a single …