Inducible defense-related proteins have been described in many plant species upon
infection with oomycetes, fungi, bacteria, or viruses, or insect attack. Several types of …

Areas dedicated to organic wine production have significantly increased over the last few
years. The vast majority of organic wine is made from Vitis vinifera varieties that are highly …

Vitis vinifera is one of the most widely cultivated fruit crops with a great economic impact on
the global industry. As a plant, it is naturally colonised by a wide variety of both prokaryotic …

It is becoming increasingly evident that a plant–pathogen interaction may be compared to an
open warfare, whose major weapons are proteins synthesized by both organisms. These …

Grapevines exhibit a wide spectrum of resistance to the powdery mildew fungus (PM),
Erysiphe necator (Schw.) Burr., but little is known about the transcriptional basis of the …

Abstract Development and optimisation of alternative strategies to reduce the use of classic
chemical inputs for protection against diseases in vineyard is becoming a necessity. Among …

Grapevine is one of the most important economic crops yielding berries, wine products as
well as derivates. However, due to the large array of pathogens inducing diseases on this …

Background Phenotypic plasticity refers to the range of phenotypes a single genotype can
express as a function of its environment. These phenotypic variations are attributable to the …

Abstract Background Berries of grape (Vitis vinifera) contain three major tissue types (skin,
pulp and seed) all of which contribute to the aroma, color, and flavor characters of wine. The …

Background Phytoplasmas are bacteria without cell walls from the class Mollicutes. They are
obligate intracellular plant pathogens which cause diseases in hundreds of economically …