Importance The substantial growth over the last decade in the use of extracorporeal life
support for adults with acute respiratory failure reveals an enthusiasm for the technology not …

Mechanical ventilation may have adverse effects on both the lung and the diaphragm. Injury
to the lung is mediated by excessive mechanical stress and strain, whereas the diaphragm …

Importance In patients who require mechanical ventilation for acute hypoxemic respiratory
failure, further reduction in tidal volumes, compared with conventional low tidal volume …

Background Multi-organ dysfunction in critical illness is common and frequently involves the
lungs and kidneys, often requiring organ support such as invasive mechanical ventilation …

Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) can support gas exchange in patients with the acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). During ECLS, venous blood is drained from a central …

Critically ill COVID-19 patients are generally admitted to the ICU for respiratory insufficiency
which can evolve into a multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome requiring extracorporeal organ …

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by a new acute onset of
hypoxemia secondary to a pulmonary edema of non-cardiogenic origin, bilateral lung …

Abstract Treatment of respiratory failure has improved dramatically since the polio epidemic
in the 1950s with the use of invasive techniques for respiratory support: mechanical …

Purpose Hypercapnia is frequent during mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS), but its effects on morbidity and mortality are still controversial. We …

Care for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has changed
considerably over the 50 years since its original description. Indeed, standards of care …