French regulations concerning the mitigation of development impacts have been
progressively strengthened with offsets now required for impacts on forests, wetlands, and …

Highlights•Large-scale reforestation will rely on participation of private landholders.•Carbon
farming has the potential to incentivise reforestation in production landscapes.•Assisted …

Behavioral scientists have begun to research 'sludge,'excessive frictions that make it harder
for people to do what they want to do. Friction is also an important concept in transaction …

Minimizing environmental harm from diffuse water quality impacts from farms is a
longstanding problem in agricultural policy. Agri-environmental schemes are programs that …

Environmental policy instruments generate transaction costs to public and private parties.
There is a growing literature reporting on the size of transaction costs produced by …

Competition for land use is a severe problem in peri-urban areas where available land is
scarce and is also targeted for different purposes such as construction, local food systems …

The costs incurred in the design and implementation of planning policy instruments are not
always considered sufficiently. In order to increase the efficacy of planning policy …

The use of payments for ecosystem services (PES) to steer land use practices has increased
considerably at an international level over past years. An efficient and effective PES …

Biodiversity is decreasing at an alarming rate. Current policies focus on the most valuable
species and habitats but cannot stop the degradation occurring in less valuable habitats …

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) have played an increasingly important role in
environmental conservation. In line with international trends, a growing number of …