Plant diseases are strongly influenced by host biodiversity, spatial structure, and abiotic
conditions. All of these are undergoing rapid change, as the climate is warming, habitats are …

Characteristics of hosts and parasites have a genetic basis, and thus can be shaped by
coevolution. Infections measured under laboratory conditions have shown that the …

Parasites typically have broader thermal limits than hosts, so large performance gaps
between pathogens and their cold‐and warm‐adapted hosts should occur at relatively warm …

Predicting the emergence, spread and evolution of parasites within and among host
populations requires insight to both the spatial and temporal scales of adaptation, including …

A growing body of evidence points towards epigenetic mechanisms being responsible for a
wide range of biological phenomena, from the plasticity of plant growth and development to …

We review current ideas about coevolution of plants and parasites, particularly processes
that generate genetic diversity. Frequencies of host resistance and parasite virulence alleles …

Aggressiveness, the quantitative component of pathogenicity, and its role in the adaptation
of plant pathogens are still insufficiently investigated. Using mainly examples of biotrophic …

Predicting how climate change will affect disease dynamics requires an understanding of
how the environment affects host–pathogen interactions. For amphibians, global declines …

Ecological, evolutionary and molecular models of interactions between plant hosts and
microbial pathogens are largely based around a concept of tightly coupled interactions …

The first section presents the quantitative traits of pathogenicity that are most commonly
measured by plant pathologists, how the expression of those traits is influenced by …