Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as a representative inflammatory disease, currently has
multiple effective treatment options available and new therapeutic strategies are being …

Monocytes and macrophages are central players of the innate immune response and play a
pivotal role in the regulation of inflammation. Thereby, they actively participate in all phases …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease triggered by environmental factors that act
on a genetically susceptible host. It features three clinical stages: a pre-clinical stage …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system that
causes demyelination, axonal degeneration and astrogliosis, resulting in progressive …

The disruption of blood–brain barrier (BBB) for multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis has a
double effect: early on during the onset of the immune attack and later for the CNS self …

The role traditionally assigned to astrocytes in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS)
lesions has been the formation of the glial scar once inflammation has subsided. Astrocytes …

Neutrophils and monocytes belong to the first line of immune defence cells and are recruited
to sites of inflammation during infection or sterile injury. Both cells contain huge amounts of …

Background: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a significant clinical problem
without effective therapy. Unbiased omics approaches may reveal key MI/R mediators to …

Background Teriflunomide is an oral disease-modifying therapy approved for treatment of
relapsing or relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. We aimed to provide further evidence for …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been thought to be a complex and indecipherable disease, and
poorly understood with regards to aetiology. Here, we suggest an emphatically positive view …