The SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic has generated an explosion
of interest both in the mechanisms of infection leading to dissemination and expression of …

Vitamin D 3 is made in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol under the influence of UV light.
Vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol) is derived from the plant sterol ergosterol. Vitamin D is …

Importance The efficacy of vitamin D 3 supplementation in coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) remains unclear. Objective To investigate the effect of a single high dose of …

Context: Altered vitamin D and calcium homeostasis may play a role in the development of
type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). Evidence Acquisition and Analyses: MEDLINE review …

The vitamin D endocrine system is essential for calcium and bone homeostasis. The precise
mode of action and the full spectrum of activities of the vitamin D hormone, 1, 25 …

Background Optimal vitamin D intake and its status are important not only for bone and
calcium-phosphate metabolism, but also for overall health and well-being. Vitamin D …

Vitamins are essential constituents of our diet that have long been known to influence the
immune system. Vitamins A and D have received particular attention in recent years as …

New knowledge of the biological and clinical importance of the steroid hormone 1α, 25-
dihydroxyvitamin D 3 [1α, 25 (OH) 2 D 3] and its receptor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR), has …

Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1, 25 (OH) 2 D 3) can modulate immune responses, but whether it
directly affects B cell function is unknown. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus …

Recent studies have established that dysregulation of the human immune system and the
reactivation of latent herpesviruses persists for the duration of a 6-month orbital spaceflight …