Refining a metal's grain size can result in dramatic increases in strength, and the magnitude
of this strengthening increment can be estimated using the Hall–Petch equation. Since the …

In this article, different perovskite-structure related materials are reviewed, which could be
potential candidates for cathode materials in solid oxide fuel cells. Solid oxide fuel cells …

This article focuses on the mechanisms and consequences of plastic strain localizations
exhibited in tensile stress–strain behaviors, fracture and fatigue. A broad overview is first …

Classical Hall–Petch relation for large grained polycrystals is usually derived using the
model of dislocation pile-up first investigated mathematically by Nabarro and coworkers. In …

Effects of size on predominantly mechanical properties of materials are reviewed at a first-
order level. Microstructural constraints, eg due to second-phase particles and grain …

In recent years, near-nano (submicron) and nanostructured materials have attracted
increasingly more attention from the materials community. Nanocrystalline materials are …

An inverse Hall–Petch effect has been observed for nanocrystalline materials by a large
number of researchers. This effect implies that nanocrystalline materials get softer as grain …

An Al-3% Mg solid solution alloy was subjected to intense plastic deformation, using either
equal-channel angular (ECA) pressing or torsion straining, to produce grain sizes in the …

Nanostructured materials are one of the highest profile classes of materials in science and
engineering today, and will continue to be well into the future. Potential applications are …

Nanocrystalline metals, ie, metals in which the grain size is in the nanometer range, have a
range of technologically interesting properties including increased hardness and yield …