Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are present at low and
controlled levels under normal conditions. These reactive molecules can increase to high …

The year 2024 marks 70 years since the general outline of the carbon pathway in
photosynthesis was published. Although several alternative pathways are now known, it is …

Autophagy as a conserved catabolic pathway can respond to reactive oxygen species
(ROS) and plays an important role in degrading oxidized proteins in plants under various …

Various stress conditions induce the nuclear translocation of cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-
phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC), but its nuclear function in plant stress responses …

Plant male gametogenesis is tightly regulated, and involves complex and precise
regulations of transcriptional reprogramming. WRKY transcription factors have been …

Main conclusion NO enhances the resistance of tomato seedlings to salt stress through
protein S-nitrosylation and transcriptional regulation, which involves the regulation of MAPK …

Bile acid: sodium symporter family protein 2 (BASS2) is a sodium‐dependent pyruvate
transporter, which transports pyruvate from cytosol into plastid in plants. In this study, we …

In plants, phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) converts 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate into 3-
phosphoglycerate in glycolysis but also participates in the reverse reaction in …

How organisms integrate metabolism with the external environment is a central question in
biology. Here, we describe a novel regulatory small molecule, a proteogenic dipeptide Tyr …

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation pathway of lysosomes (in mammals)
and vacuoles (in yeasts and plants) from lower yeasts to higher mammals. It wraps …