Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity, and we, as machine
learning (ML) experts, may wonder how we can help. Here we describe how ML can be a …

Current mitigation efforts and existing future commitments are inadequate to accomplish the
Paris Agreement temperature goals. In light of this, research and debate are intensifying on …

This chapter assesses simulations of future global climate change, spanning time horizons
from the near term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long term (2081–2100) out to …

The global response to warming of 1.5 oC comprises transitions in land and ecosystem,
energy, urban and infrastructure, and industrial systems. The feasibility of mitigation and …

Solar geoengineering (SG) has the potential to restore average surface temperatures by
increasing planetary albedo,,–, but this could reduce precipitation,–. Thus, although SG …

As atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations rise and climate change becomes more
destructive, geoengineering has become a subject of serious consideration. By reflecting a …

Solar radiation modification (SRM) is a possible deliberate approach to decrease or reflect
incoming solar radiation with the goal of reducing global temperatures, which have …

Large-scale and highly experimental interventions are being considered as strategies to
address climate change. These include carbon dioxide removal approaches that are …

We review the capabilities and costs of various lofting methods intended to deliver sulfates
into the lower stratosphere. We lay out a future solar geoengineering deployment scenario …

Solar geoengineering refers to deliberately reducing net radiative forcing by reflecting some
sunlight back to space, in order to reduce anthropogenic climate changes; a possible such …