Almost 40 years ago the concept of the substorm current wedge was developed to explain
the magnetic signatures observed on the ground and in geosynchronous orbit during …

We review the range of applications and use of the curlometer, initially developed to analyze
Cluster multi‐spacecraft magnetic field data; but more recently adapted to other arrays of …

Abstract The Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms
(THEMIS) mission is the fifth NASA Medium-class Explorer (MIDEX), launched on February …

Over the first 2.5 years of operation, the FUV instrument on the IMAGE spacecraft observed
more than 2400 substorm onsets in the Northern Hemisphere. The observations confirm …

The present 15th volume of the ISSI Space Science Series is devoted to Auroral Plasma
Physics. The aurora is arguably the most intriguing phenomenon in space plasma physics …

Dipolarization fronts (DFs), characterized by a strong and steep increase of the tail magnetic
field component Bz normal to the neutral plane and preceded by a much less negative dip of …

Abstract The Radiation Belt Storm Probes Ion Composition Experiment (RBSPICE) on the
two Van Allen Probes spacecraft is the magnetosphere ring current instrument that will …

The present study examines the temporal structure of the fast flow in the plasma sheet using
both observations and simulations. The data analysis part adopts the strictest criterion ever …

The goal of the present study is to observationally test the idea that the substorm current
wedge (SCW) is an ensemble of wedgelets, mesoscale current systems that correspond to …

The Carrington event is considered to be one of the most extreme space weather events in
observational history within a series of magnetic storms caused by extreme interplanetary …