Tumors are characterized by extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, remodeling, and cross-
linking that drive fibrosis to stiffen the stroma and promote malignancy. The stiffened stroma …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is not a unique disease, encompassing multiple
entities with marked histopathological, transcriptomic and genomic heterogeneity. Despite …

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast tumor lacking hormone
receptors expression and HER2 gene amplification and represents 24% of newly diagnosed …

Background Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in females
worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play …

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous complex of diseases, a spectrum of many subtypes with
distinct biological features that lead to differences in response patterns to various treatment …

Most tumor cells express antigens that can mediate recognition by host CD8+ T cells.
Cancers that are detected clinically must have evaded antitumor immune responses to grow …

Distant metastasis accounts for the vast majority of deaths in patients with cancer. Breast
cancer exhibits a distinct metastatic pattern commonly involving bone, liver, lung, and brain …

Breast carcinomas can be stratified into different entities based on clinical behavior,
histologic features, and/or by biological properties. A classification of breast cancer should …

Intratumor heterogeneity is a major clinical problem because tumor cell subtypes display
variable sensitivity to therapeutics and may play different roles in progression. We previously …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is cancer that tested as negative for estrogen
receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and excess human epidermal growth factor …