The majority of pregnancy loss in ruminants occurs during the first three weeks after
conception, particularly during the period of conceptus elongation that occurs prior to …

During the past 50 years, the fertility of high-producing lactating dairy cows has decreased,
associated with intensive selection for increased milk production. The physiological and …

This review integrates established and new information on the role of progesterone,
interferon tau (IFNT), and prostaglandins in uterine biology of ruminants. Establishment of …

A major unresolved issue is how the uterus influences infertility and subfertility in cattle.
Serial embryo transfer was previously used to classify heifers as high-fertile (HF), subfertile …

Establishment of pregnancy in domestic ruminants includes pregnancy recognition
signalling by the conceptus, implantation and placentation. Despite the high fertilisation …

The causes of low fertility in dairy cattle are complex and multifactorial and may be due to
compromised follicle development affecting oocyte quality, a suboptimal reproductive tract …

Progesterone (P4) from the corpus luteum is critical for the establishment and maintenance
of pregnancy and plays a major role in regulating endometrial secretions essential for …

Gonadal sex differentiation proceeds by the interplay of various genes including the
transcription factors and secretory factors in a complex network. The sex-differentiating …

Ruminants have a unique placenta in comparison to other mammalian species. Initially, they
possess a non-invasive epitheliochorial type of placenta during conceptus elongation. As …

In cattle, the blastocyst hatches from the zona pellucida on days 8 to 9 and then forms a
conceptus that grows and elongates into an ovoid and then filamentous shape between …