Cortical networks are composed of glutamatergic excitatory projection neurons and local
GABAergic inhibitory interneurons that gate signal flow and sculpt network dynamics …

Background Neuronal networks in the brain include glutamatergic principal neurons and
GABAergic interneurons (GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid). The latter may be a minority cell type …

The relationship between synaptic excitation and inhibition (E/I ratio), two opposing forces in
the mammalian cerebral cortex, affects many cortical functions such as feature selectivity …

The functional integration of external and internal signals forms the basis of information
processing and is essential for higher cognitive functions. This occurs in finely tuned cortical …

Although a wealth of data have elucidated the structure and physiology of neuronal circuits,
we still only have a very limited understanding of how behavioral learning is implemented at …

Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialized extracellular matrix structures that surround
specific neurons in the brain and spinal cord, appear during critical periods of development …

Advances in optical manipulation and observation of neural activity have set the stage for
widespread implementation of closed-loop and activity-guided optical control of neural …

Cortical processing reflects the interplay of synaptic excitation and synaptic inhibition.
Rapidly accumulating evidence is highlighting the crucial role of inhibition in sha** …

Rapidly growing empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that the cortex operates near
criticality. Although the confirmation of this hypothesis would mark a significant advance in …

The response of cortical neurons to a sensory stimulus is shaped by the network in which
they are embedded. Here we establish a role of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing cells, a large …