Anion-exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) and fuel cells (AEMFCs)
are technologies that, respectively, achieve transformation and utilization of renewable …

Optical microcombs represent a new paradigm for generating laser frequency combs based
on compact chip-scale devices, which have underpinned many modern technological …

Controlling electromagnetic waves and information simultaneously by information
metasurfaces is of central importance in modern society. Intelligent metasurfaces are smart …

There is an ever-growing demand for artificial intelligence. Optical processors, which
compute with photons instead of electrons, can fundamentally accelerate the development …

Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy allows high-contrast, low-phototoxicity,
and label-free imaging of transparent biological objects, and has been applied in the field of …

Despite their widespread use for performing advanced computational tasks, digital signal
processors suffer from several restrictions, including low speed, high power consumption …

As a fundamental optical approach to interferometry, Sagnac interference has been widely
used for reflection manipulation, precision measurements, and spectral engineering in …

Image processing has become a critical technology in a variety of science and engineering
disciplines. Although most image processing is performed digitally, optical analog …

Over the last two decades, the capabilities of metasurfaces in light modulation with
subwavelength thickness have been proven, and metasurfaces are expected to miniaturize …

The full manipulation of intrinsic properties of electromagnetic waves has become the
central target in various modern optical technologies. Optical metasurfaces have been …