Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), primarily from human fossil fuel combustion,
reduces ocean pH and causes wholesale shifts in seawater carbonate chemistry. The …

Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 1419–1434 Abstract Ocean acidification is a pervasive stressor
that could affect many marine organisms and cause profound ecological shifts. A variety of …

Today's surface ocean is saturated with respect to calcium carbonate, but increasing
atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are reducing ocean pH and carbonate ion …

Carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas after water vapor in the atmosphere of
the earth. More than 98% of the carbon of the atmosphere-ocean system is stored in the …

Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations over the past two centuries have
led to greater CO2 uptake by the oceans. This acidification process has changed the …

The Earth's climate is determined by a number of complex connected physical, chemical and
biological processes occurring in the atmosphere, land and ocean. The radiative properties …

Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics provides a broad theoretical framework upon which
graduate students and upper-level undergraduates can formulate an understanding of the …

The absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into the ocean lowers the pH of the
waters. This so-called ocean acidification could have important consequences for marine …

We present ocean chemistry calculations based on ocean general circulation model
simulations of atmospheric CO2 emission, stabilization of atmospheric CO2 content, and …

Ocean ecosystems have responded and will continue to respond to climate changes of
different rates, magnitudes, and durations (virtually certain). Human societies depend on …