Galaxies and their dark-matter haloes have posed several challenges to the dark energy
plus cold dark matter (Λ CDM) cosmological model. These discrepancies between …

The lowest luminosity (L) Milky Way satellite galaxies represent the extreme lower limit of the
galaxy luminosity function. These ultra-faint dwarfs are the oldest, most dark matter …

We describe a public data release of the FIRE-2 cosmological zoom-in simulations of galaxy
formation (available at http://flathub. flatironinstitute. org/fire) from the Feedback In Realistic …

We present results from the" Mint" resolution DC Justice League suite of Milky Way–like
zoom-in cosmological simulations, which extend our study of nearby galaxies down into the …

With the release of Gaia DR2, it is now possible to measure the proper motions (PMs) of the
lowest-mass, ultrafaint satellite galaxies in the Milky Way's (MW) halo for the first time. Many …

We study star cluster formation at low metallicities of Z/Z⊙= 10− 4–10− 1 using three-
dimensional hydrodynamics simulations. Particular emphasis is put on how the stellar mass …

The nature of dark matter is one of the most pressing questions in physics. Yet all our
present knowledge of the dark sector to date comes from its gravitational interactions with …

Despite extensive search efforts, direct observations of the first [Population III (Pop III)] stars
have not yet succeeded. Theoretical studies have suggested that late Pop III star formation is …

We report the discovery of Tucana B, an isolated ultra-faint dwarf galaxy at a distance of D=
1.4 Mpc. Tucana B was found during a search for ultra-faint satellite companions to the …

A critical challenge to the cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm is that there are fewer satellites
observed around the Milky Way than found in simulations of dark matter substructure. We …