Real-time locating and tracking Technology plays a significant role in location-based IoT
applications. With the extensive installation of WiFi access points, the WiFi based indoor …

The Fine Time Measurement (FTM) protocol introduced by IEEE 802.11 includes a new
ranging method, named Wi-Fi Round Trip Time (Wi-Fi RTT), which can be used for indoor …

Inertial sensors of smartphones and other Internet-of-Things devices present a very
promising tool to monitor users' activity including their step length. In this review paper, we …

Indoor wireless localization using Bluetooth low energy (BLE) beacons has attracted
considerable attention due to its extensive distribution and low cost properties. This article …

Pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) is a popular indoor localization method due to its
independence of additional infrastructures and the wide availability of smart devices. Step …

Smartphone positioning is an enabling technology used to create new business in the
navigation and mobile location-based services (LBS) industries. This paper presents a …

The classic fusion localization techniques based on the Kalman filter (KF) framework have
been a focus of research community in the past decades, due to the limited computing …

More and more applications of location-based services lead to the development of indoor
positioning technology. As a part of the Internet-of-Things ecosystem, most existing indoor …

Accurate indoor positioning is critical to a variety of use cases including tracking, proximity,
map**, and navigation. Existing positioning methods are either inaccurate (eg RSSI …

Sensors-based and radio frequency (RF)-based indoor localization technology is one of the
keys in location-based services. The IEEE 802.11-2016 introduced the Wi-Fi fine timing …