Metal-halide perovskites have rapidly emerged as one of the most promising materials of the
21st century, with many exciting properties and great potential for a broad range of …

Heavy-metal (Cd, Hg, and Pb)-containing semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have been
explored widely due to their unique optical and electrical properties. However, the toxicity …

As the most promising lead‐free one, tin‐halides based perovskite solar cells still suffer from
the severe bulk‐defect due to the easy oxidation of tin from divalent to tetravalent. Here, a …

Tin-based perovskites are the most likely alternative candidates for lead-based counterparts
due to their low toxicity and excellent optoelectronic properties. However, their …

Despite remarkable progress in hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the concern of toxic
lead ions remains a major hurdle in the path towards PSC's commercialization; tin (Sn) …

Tin (Sn)-based and mixed tin–lead (Sn–Pb) perovskites have attracted increased attention
as promising candidates for new generation lead-free perovskite and all-perovskite tandem …

Organic-inorganic halide perovskites have gathered vast interest in emerging optoelectronic
technologies because of their unique optical and electrical properties recently. The toxicity in …

Organic–inorganic hybrid halide perovskite materials have attracted considerable research
interest, especially for photovoltaics. In addition, their scope has been extended towards …

Pb‐based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as one of the most promising photovoltaic
technologies for commercialization have attracted tremendous attention in recent years …

To solve the toxic issue for new-generation photovoltaic applications, tin-based perovskite
solar cells are a promising alternative to their lead counterparts, but they suffer from poor …