Sea anemones produce venoms of exceptional molecular diversity, with at least 17 different
molecular scaffolds reported to date. These venom components have traditionally been …

Animal venoms are complex mixtures containing peptides and proteins known as toxins,
which are responsible for the deleterious effect of envenomations. Across the animal …

Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) form holes in membranes causing one of the most catastrophic
damages to a target cell. Target organisms have evolved a regulated response against PFTs …

The ancient phylum of Cnidaria contains many aquatic species with peculiar lifestyle. In
order to survive, these organisms have evolved attack and defense mechanisms that are …

Sea anemones' venom is rich in peptides acting on different biological targets, mainly on
cytoplasmic membranes and ion channels. These animals are also a source of pancreatic α …

Many human cardiovascular and neurological disorders (such as ischemia, epileptic
seizures, traumatic brain injury, neuropathic pain, etc.) are associated with the abnormal …

Sea anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, and Actiniaria) use toxic peptides to incapacitate and
immobilize prey and to deter potential predators. Their toxin arsenal is complex, targeting a …

Corals, like other cnidarians, are venomous animals that rely on stinging cells (nematocytes)
and their toxins to catch prey and defend themselves against predators. However, little is …

Sea anemones are a rich source of Kunitz-type polypeptides that possess not only protease
inhibitor activity, but also Kv channels toxicity, analgesic, antihistamine, and anti …

Millepora alcicornis is a reef-forming cnidarian widely distributed in the Mexican Caribbean.
Millepora species or “fire corals" inflict a painful stinging reaction in humans when touched …