Fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems have entered the stage of commercial
deployment, providing users with new services, improved user experiences as well as a host …

In wireless communication, Fifth Generation (5G) Technology is a recent generation of
mobile networks. In this paper, evaluations in the field of mobile communication technology …

With the high demand for advanced services and the increase in the number of connected
devices, current wireless communication systems are required to expand to meet the users' …

The increasing wireless data traffic demands have driven the need to explore suitable
spectrum regions for meeting the projected requirements. In the light of this, millimeter wave …

After about a decade of intense research, spurred by both economic and operational
considerations, and by environmental concerns, energy efficiency has now become a key …

The space-air-ground-sea integrated network (SAGSIN) plays an important role in offering
global coverage. To improve the efficient utilization of spectral and hardware resources in …

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is promising for low earth orbit (LEO) satellite
communications due to the potential in enhancing the spectral efficiency. However, the …

The proliferation of mobile users with an attendant rise in energy consumption mainly at the
base station has requested new ways of achieving energy efficiency in cellular networks …

A massive increase in the amount of data traffic over mobile wireless communication has
been observed in recent years, while further rapid growth is expected in the years ahead …

Very recent studies showed that the area spectral efficiency (ASE) of downlink cellular
networks will continuously decrease and finally crash to zero as the base station (BS) …