Cognition can be conceptualized as a set of algorithmic control functions whose real-time
deployment determines how an organism stores and uses information to guide thought and …

In the retina, photoreceptors pass visual information to interneurons, which process it and
pass it to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Axons of RGCs then travel through the optic nerve …

How the brain selects appropriate sensory inputs and suppresses distractors is unknown.
Given the well-established role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in executive function, its …

Retinal circuits transform the pixel representation of photoreceptors into the feature
representations of ganglion cells, whose axons transmit these representations to the brain …

Structural rules underlying functional properties of cortical circuits are poorly understood. To
explore these rules systematically, we integrated information from extensive literature …

Predictive coding theories of sensory brain function interpret the hierarchical construction of
the cerebral cortex as a Bayesian, generative model capable of predicting the sensory data …

Sensory perception depends on the context in which a stimulus occurs. Prevailing models
emphasize cortical feedback as the source of contextual modulation. However, higher order …

Since the discovery of ocular dominance plasticity, neuroscientists have understood that
changes in visual experience during a discrete developmental time, the critical period …

How a sensory stimulus is processed and perceived depends on the surrounding sensory
scene. In the visual cortex, contextual signals can be conveyed by an extensive network of …

Vision is the sense humans rely on most to navigate the world, make decisions, and perform
complex tasks. Understanding how humans see thus represents one of the most …