The material classed as “mineral matter” in coal embraces crystalline mineral materials as
well as a range of inorganic elements that occur in non-crystalline form. This review outlines …

Mud and mudstone, the most abundant of all sediments and sedimentary rocks, are relevant
to many different human activities and disciplines and thus have a widely scattered …

Carbonate clumped isotope thermometry is based on the temperature-dependent formation
of 13 C 18 O 16 O 2 2− ion groups within the lattice of solid carbonate minerals. At low …

It is our pleasure to present this large body of information and thoughts of many mineral
scientists which has accumulated over decades. Illite is a mineral that has been discovered …

Clay minerals in loess-paleosol sequences carry important information on dust source and
the paleoenvironments of the areas of loess distribution. The loess-paleosol sequences in …

Palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic changes during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic
Event (T-OAE) are reported from two successions deposited in the Andean Basin (Chile) …

Brittle mineral, especially quartz, exert significant effect on the development of shale gas,
however, the formation mechanism of quartz in shale is still unclear. Here, we present X-ray …

Paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic change associated with the Toarcian oceanic anoxic
event (T-OAE) was evaluated in five successions located in Switzerland. They represent …

Sedimentary rocks containing microfossils are crucial archives to reconstitute early life
evolution on Earth. However, the preservation of microfossils within rocks depends on …

Quartz is one of the most important and common minerals in marine shales. This is
especially true for the Wufeng-Longmaxi and Niutitang Formations in south China. However …