Abstract The Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a fascinating state of matter predicted to
occur for particles obeying Bose statistics. Although the BEC has been observed with …

This article reviews experimental and theoretical work on Bose-Einstein condensation in
quantum magnets. These magnets are natural realizations of gases of interacting bosons …

The first accounts of magnetism date back to the ancient Greeks who also gave magnetism
its name. It derives from Magnesia, a Greek town and province in Asia Minor, the …

Recent experiments on the S= 1 2 antiferromagnetic chain compound, Cu benzoate,
discovered an unexpected gap scaling as approximately the 2 3 power of an applied …

We present an up-to-date survey of theoretical concepts and results in the field of one-
dimensional magnetism and of their relevance to experiments and real materials. Main …

A systematic field-theory approach to electron spin resonance (ESR) in the S= 1/2 quantum
antiferromagnetic chain at low temperature T (compared to the exchange coupling J) is …

An overview of one-and two-dimensional quantum spin systems based on transition-metal
oxides and halides of current interest is given, such as spin-Peierls, spin-dimer …

In integrable one-dimensional quantum systems an infinite set of local conserved quantities
exists which can prevent a current from decaying completely. For cases like the spin current …

High-field magnetization, field-dependent specific heat measurements, and zero-field
inelastic magnetic neutron scattering have been used to explore the magnetic properties of …

A theory of low-temperature (T) electron spin resonance (ESR) in half-integer spin
antiferromagnetic chains is developed using field theory methods and avoiding previous …