Plate tectonics is a fundamental factor in the sustained habitability of Earth, but its time of
onset is unknown, with ages ranging from the Hadaean to Proterozoic eons,–. Plate motion …

The nature of Earth's earliest crust and crustal processes remain unresolved questions in
Precambrian geology. While some hypotheses suggest that plate tectonics began in the …

The “new core paradox” suggests that the persistence of the geomagnetic field over nearly
all of Earth history is in conflict with the core being highly thermally conductive, which makes …

The initiation of mobile-lid plate tectonics on Earth represented a critical transition towards a
more familiar world in terms of surface temperature stabilization, biogeochemical cycling …

We apply X-ray ptycho-tomography to perform high-resolution, non-destructive, three-
dimensional (3D) imaging of Fe-rich inclusions in paleomagnetically relevant materials …

The growth of the solid inner core from the liquid outer core provides crucial power for
generating the geomagnetic field. However, the traditional view of inner core growth does …

We examine magnesium and potassium solubility in liquid Fe mixtures, representative of
Earth's core composition, in equilibrium with liquid silicate mixtures representative of an …

We present the first application of X-ray ptycho-tomography to perform high-resolution, non-
destructive, three-dimensional (3D) imaging of magnetic inclusions in paleomagnetically …